large

Large Fruit Size Could Be Problem for Cold-Hardy Citrus

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Production

Fruit in the cold-hardy citrus region is expected to be in short supply next season due to the trees’ alternate bearing cycle. The fruit also could be too large to sell, creating another concern for growers heading into next season. “Trees with a low crop load tend to have large fruit,” noted Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor …

alternate bearing

The Causes of Alternate Bearing

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Georgia, Production

Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist, recently wrote about the causes of alternate bearing in Georgia groves. Alternate bearing is a common problem in many mandarin varieties.  A slightly edited version of Sutton’s report follows. CARBOHYDRATES During photosynthesis, leaves produce sugars that are either exported and utilized for growth or stored as starch in …

nitrogen application

Optimizing Nitrogen Applications in North Florida

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Nutrition

Four University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) horticulture researchers recently wrote an update in the Cold Hardy Citrus Connection about optimizing citrus nitrogen applications in North Florida. The authors are Muhammad A. Shahid, Davie Kadyampakeni, Shahid Iqbal and Muhammad Nadeem. The following edited excerpts explain the research project and provide conclusions: THE RESEARCH The need for …

alternate bearing

Alternate Bearing Affecting Cold-Hardy Citrus Production

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Production

Trees in the cold-hardy citrus region are expected to produce a low crop in 2025 following a massive crop in 2024.  Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist, believes the trees’ alternate bearing cycle will contribute to the decreased crop in 2025, especially for satsuma mandarins. “This alternate bearing pattern probably started in 2023. That …

mites

Management of Mites for Fresh Market Citrus

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Pests

University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Associate Professor Xavier Martini recently wrote an article In the Cold Hardy Citrus Connection about management of mites for fresh market citrus. Martini is an entomologist at the North Florida Research and Education Center. An edited version of his article follows.  Two types of mites mainly affect citrus production in …

Jake Price

University of Georgia Honors Jake Price

Daniel CooperAwards, Cold Hardy, Georgia

Jake Price, who has helped introduce cold-hardy citrus to Georgia, was recently honored by the University of Georgia (UGA). He is one of five UGA faculty and staff members recognized for their commitment to public service and outreach. Price won a Walter Barnard Hill Award, named for UGA Chancellor Walter B. Hill. Each award recipient receives a medallion, a permanent …

nitrogen

Nitrogen Reduction Needed in Cold-Hardy Citrus Region

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Nutrition

Growers in the cold-hardy citrus region are applying too much nitrogen to their groves. Muhammad Shahid, assistant professor of horticulture at the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS), discovered that unfortunate reality while conducting a research project in North Florida. Most citrus growers were following recommendations in the UF/IFAS Florida Citrus Production Guide, which are mostly …

cold tolerance

Gene Plays Role in Boosting Citrus Cold Tolerance

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Research

A pioneering study has uncovered the role of a key gene, PtrPAT1, in boosting cold tolerance in citrus plants by regulating the accumulation of glycine betaine (GB). This breakthrough deepens understanding of how plants cope with cold stress and opens the door to developing cold-resistant citrus varieties. Citrus plants, traditionally cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates, are highly vulnerable to …

satsuma

Georgia Citrus Grower Discusses Satsuma Situation

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Mandarins, Varieties

Georgia’s citrus industry has found its footing more than a decade into production. Whether growers can thrive for the next 10 years may depend largely on their ability to expand production beyond satsuma mandarins. “It is a work in progress. Anybody getting into it will need to consider that,” Georgia grower Buck Paulk said. “There’s a lot of unknowns with …

juice market

Juice Market Brings Questions for Georgia Citrus Growers

Tacy CalliesCold Hardy, Georgia, Orange Juice

Expansion into the juice market may unlock a profitable marketing opportunity for Georgia citrus growers. But questions remain before growers can start planning this new course of action, says Lindy Savelle, executive director of the Georgia Citrus Association. “Hamlins and perhaps some early-season Valencias would work here in Georgia,” Savelle said. One question Georgia growers have about entering the juice …

Citrus Health Forum

Citrus Health Forum Brings Together Growers and Researchers

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Events

By Maegan Beatty Earlier this month, the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) North Florida Research and Education Center (NFREC) hosted the 2025 Citrus Health Forum. Growers gathered to learn about citrus production and hear regional citrus updates. Muhammad Shahid, UF/IFAS assistant professor, presented information on optimizing nitrogen fertilization to enhance the quality of satsuma mandarins. …

juice market

Cold-Hardy Growers Eyeing Juice Market

Daniel CooperCold Hardy

A low volume of fruit in the cold-hardy citrus region is being produced for the juice market. With the current market prices for juiced citrus, that number could increase in the near future. This topic was discussed during the recent Georgia Citrus Association annual meeting in Tifton. “With the prices today, there is a future for it,” said grower Kim …

satsuma

Why Some Citrus Growers Are Removing Satsuma Trees

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Mandarins

Satsuma mandarins are easily produced in the cold-hardy citrus region. But their lack of shelf life is causing multiple growers in the region, which includes North Florida and South Georgia, to pull trees in favor of something else. Those growers includes Lindy Savelle, executive director of the Georgia Citrus Association. She’s removing 400 of 1,000 satsuma trees, or about 40% …

cold-hardy citrus

Cold-Hardy Citrus Crop Outlook for 2025

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, freeze

Growers in the cold-hardy citrus region enjoyed a bountiful crop in 2024. Unfortunately, that is not expected to be the case in 2025. Lindy Savelle, executive director of the Georgia Citrus Association, said the expected drop in volume is due to multiple factors, including the winter storm last month that brought historic snowfall and sub-freezing temperatures over multiple days. But …

Protect Trees Post-Freeze With Fungicide

Tacy CalliesCold Hardy, Diseases, freeze

Growers in the cold-hardy citrus region should consider fungicide application following snow last week and multiple days of running irrigation for freeze irrigation. That advice comes from Lindy Savelle, executive director of the Georgia Citrus Association, on the heels of historic snowfall recorded across the Southeast. “I’ve heard some people having up to 10 inches of snow where we grow …

snow

Snow and Sub-Freezing Temperatures Hit Cold-Hardy Citrus

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, freeze

Citrus in the cold-hardy region of South Georgia, South Alabama and North Florida encountered below-freezing temperatures and historic snowfall all week. Growers are now taking stock of their groves, surveying damage and preparing for what to do next, which includes managing phytophthora. “Most all of the crop was in, so there was very little exposure there. There’s a little bit …

cold-hardy

Cold-Hardy Citrus Region Continues to Expand

Daniel CooperAll In For Citrus Podcast, Cold Hardy

Muhammad Shahid, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) assistant professor of horticulture, joined the All In For Citrus podcast recently to discuss the growing citrus industry in the cold-hardy region of North Florida, South Georgia and Southeast Alabama. Production continues to expand in the area with some 7,000 to 8,000 acres of citrus. Shahid is based …

Florida

Climate Change in the Cold-Hardy Citrus Region

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Weather

Climate change is a key reason that citrus production has progressed in South Georgia, North Florida and South Alabama, the area known as the cold-hardy citrus region. As more varieties, other than satsuma mandarins, continue to be planted in the area, warmer temperatures are needed for trees to flourish. Arnold Schumann, professor of soil fertility and water quality at the …

citrus canker

Citrus Canker Spreading in Cold-Hardy Region

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Diseases

Citrus canker has long been a presence and concern for Florida’s citrus growers. Growers in North Florida, South Georgia and South Alabama should be wary of its potential spread into the cold-hardy citrus region. Clive Bock, a research plant pathologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, spoke about the disease during the recent Cold-Hardy Citrus Meeting at the University of …

shiranui

Shiranui Gaining Popularity in Cold-Hardy Citrus Region

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Varieties

Leaders in the cold-hardy citrus region have long advocated for growers to diversify their crop portfolios. Lindy Savelle, executive director of the Georgia Citrus Association, has wanted citrus producers in North Florida, South Georgia and South Alabama to plant alternatives to satsuma mandarins, which has been the predominant citrus type produced in the region. Diversification helps extend the harvest season. …