navel

California Navel Production Costs Soar

Daniel CooperCalifornia Corner, Economics

It costs $4,215 per acre to grow navel oranges in California in 2025, California Citrus Mutual (CCM) reported following a recent survey of production costs. That’s up from $3,300 in 2020 (a 35% increase), $2,712 in 2015 (a 75% increase), $2,099 in 2010 (a 125% increase) and $1,555 in 2005 (a 171% increase). Additionally, CCM reported that picking and hauling …

alternate bearing

Alternate Bearing Affecting Cold-Hardy Citrus Production

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Production

Trees in the cold-hardy citrus region are expected to produce a low crop in 2025 following a massive crop in 2024.  Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist, believes the trees’ alternate bearing cycle will contribute to the decreased crop in 2025, especially for satsuma mandarins. “This alternate bearing pattern probably started in 2023. That …

Trunk-Injection

Trunk-Injection Biopesticide for HLB

Daniel CooperHLB Management

Ching-Hong Yang, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (UWM) biological sciences professor, was recently awarded a $1.5 million federal grant to support research on a compound that suppresses HLB disease. His project is titled Bringing RejuAgro to Market: Development of a Groundbreaking Trunk Injection Biopesticide for Huanglongbing (HLB). The grant is from the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture …

emerging

FFVA Seeks Emerging Leaders

Daniel CooperEducation

The Florida Fruit & Vegetable Association (FFVA) is seeking up-and-coming leaders who want to be more involved in FFVA to apply for participation in the FFVA Emerging Leader Development Program. Applications are due by June 13. Applicants should fill out the application form and the written agreement form and send them to Sonia.Tighe@ffva.com. Launched in 2011, the yearlong leadership program …

Farm Workforce

Farm Workforce Modernization Act Reintroduced

Daniel CooperLabor, Legislative

A bipartisan group of U.S. representatives recently reintroduced the Farm Workforce Modernization Act, H.R. 3227. The bill would update the H-2A agricultural guest worker program. It is a compromise solution that supporters said provides stability for farms and farmworkers. Rep. Zoe Lofgren of California, one of those who reintroduced the bill, said, “It is well-past time we get this bipartisan …

HLB

Georgia Student Honored for HLB Research

Daniel CooperAwards, Georgia, HLB Management

Carlton Collins recently was named top master’s researcher in the E. Broadus Browne Research Awards for Outstanding Graduate Student Research competition at the University of Georgia (UGA) College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. He was recognized for his research on huanglongbing (HLB) disease, also known as citrus greening. Collins, born in Jamaica, was introduced to citrus production on a small …

hurricane milton

Citrus Industry Recovery After Hurricane Milton

Daniel Cooperhurricane

By Maegan Beatty In the aftermath of Hurricane Milton, Florida’s citrus industry is slowly working toward recovery. The storm brought damage to groves across key growing regions, raising concerns about long-term impacts on fruit yield and tree health. As recovery efforts continue, Indian River Citrus League Executive Vice President Doug Bournique and University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural …

spinach

Spinach Peptides Provide Defense Against HLB

Daniel CooperHLB Management

Texas A&M AgriLife Research scientists have developed an approach to countering the citrus disease HLB as well as zebra chip disease in potatoes and other vegetables. Their method uses spinach antimicrobial peptides, known as defensins, which naturally defend plants against a broad range of pathogens. Their study results were recently published in the Plant Biotechnology Journal. The effects show significant …

Registration

Registration Now Open for the 2025 Citrus & Specialty Crop Expo

Daniel CooperCitrus, Citrus Expo, Events

Registration is now open for the highly anticipated 2025 Citrus & Specialty Crop Expo. The event takes place Aug. 20–21at the Florida State Fairgrounds in Tampa. Growers and industry professionals are invited to sign up now for complimentary registration to this two-day event filled with education, networking and innovation. Hosted by AgNet Media, the Expo is Florida’s premier event for …

Indian market

Indian Market Opens for Brazilian Citrus

Daniel CooperInternational, Trade

The recent conclusion of negotiations between the governments of Brazil and India formalized the opening of the Indian market for the export of Brazilian citrus products. This includes Tahiti limes, Sicilian lemons, sweet oranges, tangerines and similar products. The Brazilian Association of Fruit and Derivative Producers and Exporters (Abrafrutas) called the agreement “a strategic achievement for the sector.” It reported …

pest

CUPS: Pest Monitoring and Management

Daniel CooperCUPS, Pests, Tip of the Week

By Jawwad A. Qureshi Several insect pests and mites colonize citrus crops in traditional open orchards. Most pests are localized and are suppressed by predators, parasitoids and entomopathogens to levels that are not economically damaging to the crops. The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) is the primary vector of huanglongbing (HLB) disease. Despite biological and chemical control of ACP, growing a …

Florida Citrus Forecast Holds Steady

Tacy CalliesAs Seen On Instagram, Crop Forecast

The 2024–25 citrus forecast released on May 12 by the U.S. Department of Agriculture shows little change from the April forecast. ORANGESThe Florida all-orange forecast, at 11.63 million boxes, is up less than 1% from last month. If realized, this will be 36% less than last season’s final production. The forecast consists of 4.58 million boxes of non-Valencia oranges (early, …

oj

New Insights Into OJ Demand

Daniel CooperEconomics, Florida Department of Citrus, Orange Juice

By Marisa L. Zansler One-hundred percent orange juice (OJ) has long been a favorite in American households, but supply challenges, changing consumer behaviors, a crowded beverage category and higher prices have impacted how much OJ consumers buy. Recent research conducted by Sungeun Yoon sheds light on consumer price sensitivity and substitution behaviors within the category, offering actionable insights for growers, …

Brazil Announces 2025–26 Initial Orange Forecast

Tacy CalliesBrazil, Crop Forecast

Fundecitrus and its cooperators on May 9 forecast the 2025–26 orange harvest in Brazil’s Citrus Belt of São Paulo and Triângulo/Sudoeste Mineiro at 314.6 million boxes. That would be a 36.2% increase over the 2024–25 harvest of 230.87 million boxes. The expected larger harvest is mainly attributed to more fruit per tree. The increased number of fruit is due to …

citrus acreage

Report Citrus Acreage to USDA

Daniel CooperAcreage, Georgia

The executive director of the Georgia Citrus Association recently reminded fellow growers of the importance of reporting their citrus acreage to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Farm Service Agency (FSA). “Accurate acreage reporting is more than a box to check. It’s a powerful tool that directly impacts our ability to receive support, shape policy and respond to challenges,” Lindy …

tree of the future

Citrus Tree of the Future Still Years Away

Daniel CooperCRDF, HLB Management

Not surprisingly, the focus of the Citrus Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) centers on providing growers with help to overcome huanglongbing (HLB) disease. CRDF President Morgan McKenna Porter believes that help will best come with the development of the “tree of the future.” She says that tree does not have to be completely resistant to citrus greening. As long as …

lemon

Turkish Lemon Export Ban Lifted After Objections

Daniel CooperExport, Export/Import, International, lemons

Türkiye’s Ministry of Trade (MOT) temporarily banned lemon exports April 8 because of a predicted weather-induced shortage but lifted the ban days later following negative reactions from lemon producers and exporters. The MOT imposed the ban in consultation with the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry following a cold snap that caused frost damage across several areas of the country. According …

greening-resistant

Greening-Resistant Orange Tree Research Progresses

Daniel CooperHLB Management, International, Research

Researchers with the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD) recently visited Brazil to discuss cooperative efforts with Fundecitrus to develop greening-resistant orange trees. The CIRAD researchers were Raphaël Morillon and Bárbara Hufnagel. CIRAD is an agronomic research and international cooperation organization for the sustainable development of tropical and Mediterranean regions. CIRAD maintains a large citrus genomic database on …

mites

Management of Mites for Fresh Market Citrus

Daniel CooperCold Hardy, Pests

University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Associate Professor Xavier Martini recently wrote an article In the Cold Hardy Citrus Connection about management of mites for fresh market citrus. Martini is an entomologist at the North Florida Research and Education Center. An edited version of his article follows.  Two types of mites mainly affect citrus production in …

programs

Update on CRAFT Programs

Daniel CooperCRAFT

The Citrus Research and Field Trial (CRAFT) Foundation recently provided an update about its programs: EXPEDITED PROPAGATION The supplemental Program for Expedited Propagation application period closed April 30. Contracts should be issued to the selected projects in May.  EXISTING TREE THERAPY The CRAFT board of directors approved amendments to all Existing Tree Therapy (ETT) Round 1, 2 and 3 contracts …