As citrus acreage expands in Georgia, the Southeast Regional Fruit & Vegetable Conference has added the fruit to its educational seminar lineup in recent years. This year’s conference, held in Savannah in early January, featured various citrus topics, including pest and disease management, new varieties and economics of citrus production in the state. Greg Fonsah and Guy Hancock, ag economists …
Determining the Best Satsumas for Georgia
A University of Georgia College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences (UGA CAES) publicationevaluates 12 early-maturing satsuma varieties and compares them to Owari to determine which ones may be best suited for Georgia. While Owari — harvestable late October through mid-November — is the most popular variety grown in Georgia, growers have an increasing interest in earlier-maturing citrus. The early-maturing varieties …
Alternate Bearing of Georgia Satsumas
Jake Price and Mary Sutton of University of Georgia Extension recently wrote an article about alternate bearing of satsumas in Georgia. Edited excerpts follow. Satsumas tend to alternate bear, which can be a problem in commercial production. The freeze at the end of 2022 contributed to the majority of satsuma trees in Georgia having a light crop in 2023. This …
Making the Most of Georgia Satsumas
“The satsuma mandarin industry in Georgia is currently experiencing tremendous growth and economic success, but it also faces many challenges.” That quote from the recent University of Georgia (UGA) Extension publication, Maximizing the Value of Georgia-Grown Satsumas Through Food Innovation, summarizes the state’s citrus industry that is composed primarily of satsuma mandarins. TOO MUCH FRESH FRUIT? The publication by Emma …
Sugar Belle Is Cold Hardiest Among Non-Satsumas
A survey by 15 Extension agents showed Sugar Belle mandarin to be the most cold-hardy non-satsuma citrus variety following a major freeze in Georgia in December 2022. Sugar Belle was followed in order of cold hardiness by Tango, navel oranges, Kishu and grapefruit. Shiranui was the least cold hardy non-satsuma variety. University of Georgia Extension agent Jake Price reported the …
Satsumas Look ‘Pretty Darn Good’ Post-freeze
Satsumas in the Sweet Valley Citrus region appear to have aced their first test of multiple days of subfreezing temperatures. It is still a wait-and-see approach with other varieties, however. One grower was extremely optimistic about satsumas, the cold-hardy mandarins that look to have survived December temperatures in the teens. “Satsumas are pretty darn good. We lost some leaves, got …
Thinking Outside the Box With Satsumas
Satsuma mandarins are big business in the Georgia and North Florida citrus industry. Satsumas are desirable from the consumer perspective, and the fruit’s cold hardiness is suited for the northern reaches of citrus production. Cold hardiness was proven to be especially important after freezes in late December and in January. But a problem with satsumas is that the fruit matures …
Pair of Problems for Louisiana Satsumas
Plant Diagnostic Center Director Raj Singh at the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center (LSA AgCenter) recently addressed two stresses that impact yields in Louisiana citrus — internal dry rot and puffy fruit. INTERNAL DRY ROTMature fruit affected by internal dry rot may look healthy on the outside, but peeling the fruit reveals dry, discolored flesh. This internal dry rot is …
No More Satsumas: The Time Is Ripe to Diversify
South Georgia and North Florida industry leaders preached diversification to citrus growers at the Georgia Citrus Association annual conference. The event took place Feb. 28 at the University of Georgia (UGA) Tifton Conference Center. No longer should satsuma mandarins be the crop of choice for potential growers. There are other viable options for farmers to choose from, said Lindy Savelle, …
What to Consider Before Planting More Satsumas in Georgia
Georgia’s citrus production could flood the market in less than three years. By 2024, there is projected to be more than 59 million pounds of citrus ready for harvest, says Jake Price, University of Georgia Extension coordinator for Lowndes County. That is compared to the 8.4 million pounds that is ready for harvest this year. Price explains there is an …
Growing Containerized Satsumas Under Screen
Trials of containerized satsuma trees grown in a screened facility will soon begin in Louisiana, reported Louisiana State University (LSU) AgCenter horticulture Extension agent Anna Timmerman. She discussed the trials during the recent virtual 2021 LSU AgCenter Citrus Symposium. Research objectives include determining optimal planting density and yield. Field days for growers will likely be conducted in 2022, and a …
The Search for Canker-Resistant Satsumas
Citrus canker, a highly contagious bacterial disease of citrus, was first detected in Louisiana around 1914 and declared eradicated by 1940. However, the disease reappeared in the state in 2013. Right now, there are no effective treatments to eliminate the disease after the infection has occurred. Adding insult to injury, Louisiana’s hot and humid climate is especially conducive to the …
Consistent Irrigation Needed To Avoid Fruit Split
Consistent irrigation is needed during the final few weeks of production for this year’s crop in the cold-hardy citrus region. That management tactic will help prevent fruit splitting, said Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist. Sutton said she has seen fruit split in a couple of spots that was caused by extended dry, hot …
Update on Georgia Citrus Conditions
University of Georgia Assistant Professor and Citrus Extension Specialist Mary Sutton recently provided an update on Georgia citrus. Topics she addressed include fruit split, sunburn and upcoming fruit quality evaluations. FRUIT SPLIT Fruit split is still being seen “pretty regularly,” Sutton reported. She noted that this is normal in summer, especially when there are extreme fluctuations between dry and wet …
Cooler Weather Key to Cold-Hardy Citrus Quality
Cold-hardy citrus producers are yearning for some cooler weather. It would not only provide some relief from the warm temperatures being experienced across North Florida, South Georgia and South Alabama, cooler temperatures will aid in color development in this year’s fruit, among other benefits. Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist, discussed the impact of …
Canker Awareness for Cold-Hardy Citrus Region
Citrus canker disease is an isolated threat in the cold-hardy citrus region that growers should remain aware of. Jonathan Oliver, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and small fruits pathologist, recently discussed the disease and its potential impact in cold-hardy citrus. “Canker has been found in Georgia, as reported several years ago. It seems to be very isolated in a …
Top Alabama Citrus Concerns: Weather, Canker and Greening
A recent article from Alabama A&M and Auburn universities highlighted the major issues facing citrus growers in southern Alabama’s Baldwin and Mobile counties. FREEZES One of the biggest obstacles that citrus growers face is highly variable weather, including late-season freezes. Jacob Kelley, an Alabama Extension commercial horticulture agent at Auburn University, said winter temperatures that might swing from 80 to …
Hedging Under Study for Cold-Hardy Citrus
One of satsuma mandarin’s drawbacks is its alternate bearing tendency. It will produce a heavy crop load one year and a low one the next year. Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist, said tree hedging may provide a solution. She discussed the management technique at the Southeast Georgia Citrus Update in Lyons, Georgia on …
Understanding Crop Load and Alternate Bearing
By Fernando Alferez and Muhammad A. Shahid Citrus trees bloom profusely. It is estimated that a healthy adult tree can produce more than 200,000 flowers every year. This number is much higher than that of fruits the tree can maintain and develop. Normally only between 1% to 5% of flowers set fruit that develops, matures and can ultimately be harvested. …
Georgia Citrus Production Status and Fertilizer Trial
Mary Sutton, assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist at the University of Georgia, provided an update on the status of the state’s citrus crop and discussed a fertilizer trial her laboratory is conducting. FRUIT DROP AND FRUIT SIZE Sutton reported that June drop is wrapping up for much citrus. “We should see less fruit drop as we move into the …



















