usda

CRDF Funding Focuses: ACPs and Trees of the Future

Daniel CooperCRDF, Research

The Citrus Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) met for its July board of directors meeting to discuss a number of research topics. According to CRDF Chief Operating Officer Rick Dantzler, Asian citrus psyllids (ACPs) were on the agenda. “The CRDF board approved funding of a proposal from Lukasz Stelinski, an entomologist and professor with the University of Florida Institute of …

resource

New Resource for Citrus Exporters

Daniel CooperExport, Pesticides, Regulation

The U.S. Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA/FAS) launched a new resource to support American farmers’ access to international trade opportunities. Maximum Residue Limit Quick Reference Sheets provide information about pesticide residue requirements in major export markets for U.S. producers and shippers of fruits, vegetables and other horticultural crops.  USDA FAS developed the MRL Quick Reference Sheets in partnership …

pathogens

Brazilian Biotech Company Targeting Citrus Pathogens

Daniel CooperBrazil, Diseases, Research

With support from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Ideelab is developing more efficient strategies to combat pathogens that threaten citrus. The work of Ideelab, a São Paulo startup company, is based on the principle that plants communicate with microorganisms through specific molecules called effectors. Effectors are peptides and proteins that are produced naturally and interact with the pattern recognition …

weeds

The Harm Weeds Do

Daniel Cooperweeds

Before HLB, canker and diaprepes root weevils became major problems for Florida citrus growers, weeds were among the constant and major annoyances in groves. Even with the pests and diseases growers have faced over the past five decades, the need for weed control may be as important, and costly, as ever. A University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural …

navel

California Navel Production Costs Soar

Daniel CooperCalifornia Corner, Economics

It costs $4,215 per acre to grow navel oranges in California in 2025, California Citrus Mutual (CCM) reported following a recent survey of production costs. That’s up from $3,300 in 2020 (a 35% increase), $2,712 in 2015 (a 75% increase), $2,099 in 2010 (a 125% increase) and $1,555 in 2005 (a 171% increase). Additionally, CCM reported that picking and hauling …

greening-resistant

Greening-Resistant Orange Tree Research Progresses

Daniel CooperHLB Management, International, Research

Researchers with the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD) recently visited Brazil to discuss cooperative efforts with Fundecitrus to develop greening-resistant orange trees. The CIRAD researchers were Raphaël Morillon and Bárbara Hufnagel. CIRAD is an agronomic research and international cooperation organization for the sustainable development of tropical and Mediterranean regions. CIRAD maintains a large citrus genomic database on …

Snail Management

Snail Management Can Be Complex

Daniel CooperPests, Tip of the Week

By Lauren Diepenbrock Snail management is becoming a more common discussion in Florida citrus with the arrival of a newer species in the Southeast. The snail of concern is Bulimulus bonariensis, previously referred to as Bulimulus sporadicus (Figure 1). Over the past three years, the first emergence of newly hatched snails was noted in late April through early May. The …

management

Developing Snail Management Programs in Florida Citrus

Daniel CooperFlorida, Pests, Research

By Lauren Diepenbrock and Nicole Quinn In recent years, a new pest has been added to the ever-evolving scope of pest management in Florida citrus: Bulimulus bonariensis snails. These snails, also referred to as ghost snails or peanut snails, were reported to be clogging irrigation jets in Central Florida in 2020 in limited locations. Now, in 2025, they have spread …

rules

Rules and Regulations of Pesticide Use

Daniel CooperCEU, Pesticides

By Alissa Hevesh Editor’s note: This article grants one continuing education unit (CEU) in the Core category toward the renewal of a Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services restricted-use pesticide license when the accompanying test is submitted and approved. A minimum score of 70% is required to receive credit. Pesticides are regulated to ensure the safety and well-being of the …

resistance

Mechanism of Resistance to HLB Identified

Daniel CooperHLB Management, International, Research

A research team led by Jian Ye from the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has identified the first mechanism of citrus resistance to HLB. Results of the study were published in Science. Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI), the team has also developed antimicrobial peptides that offer a promising therapeutic approach to combat the disease. This discovery addresses …

Chilli thrips

Chilli Thrips Management in Florida

Daniel CooperPests

By Maegan Beatty Last month, the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) hosted a citrus insect workshop that covered almost 10 different pests that pose a threat for Florida citrus. Lance Osborne, professor and researcher at the Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, presented research on chilli thrips. Chilli thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) can live in over 150 …

psyllid

Now Is the Time to Knock Back Psyllid Populations

Daniel CooperHLB Management, Psyllids

Now is the time for Florida citrus growers to implement management tactics to control the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), the insect that vectors citrus greening, also known as huanglongbing (HLB). ACPs are currently in low populations across Florida’s citrus-producing region. That means growers should act now to protect their crop from the insect’s impact, says Chris Oswalt, University of Florida …

temperature inversion

Temperature Inversion: Not a Friend of Pesticide Applicators

Daniel CooperCEU, Pesticides

By Wael Elwakil Editor’s note: This article grants one continuing education unit (CEU) in the Core category toward the renewal of a Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services restricted-use pesticide license when the accompanying test is submitted and approved. Temperature inversion is a weather phenomenon that alters the natural air movement in the lower layer of the atmosphere (troposphere). …

Protect Trees Post-Freeze With Fungicide

Tacy CalliesCold Hardy, Diseases, freeze

Growers in the cold-hardy citrus region should consider fungicide application following snow last week and multiple days of running irrigation for freeze irrigation. That advice comes from Lindy Savelle, executive director of the Georgia Citrus Association, on the heels of historic snowfall recorded across the Southeast. “I’ve heard some people having up to 10 inches of snow where we grow …

Herbicide Strategy

Understanding EPA’s Herbicide Strategy

Daniel CooperRegulation, Tip of the Week

By Lauren Diepenbrock and Brett Bultemeier There have been a lot of changes within the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), so much so that it seems there is an update nearly every day! This is because the EPA had to settle a mega lawsuit dealing with endangered species. In the past, the EPA did not directly address endangered species during registration. The …

private

EPA Insecticide Strategy Will Impact Specialty Crop Growers

Daniel CooperPesticides, Regulation

The Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) draft insecticide strategy to reduce the impact of conventional agricultural insecticides on endangered and threatened species could significantly impact specialty crop growers, according to the Minor Crop Farmer Alliance (MCFA). Those adverse impacts could be the result of imposing additional restrictions, potentially leading to economic consequences and challenges in pest management, the alliance wrote in …

pesticide handlers

Personal Protective Equipment for Pesticide Handlers

Daniel CooperCEU

By Danielle S. Williams Editor’s note: This article is no longer available for CEU credit. Personal protective equipment (PPE) plays a crucial role in safeguarding pesticide handlers from potential pesticide exposure. While the right selection and use of PPE can significantly reduce pesticide exposure, it does not eliminate it entirely. THE PESTICIDE LABEL All pesticide handlers, applicators, mixer/loaders and early-entry …

organic citrus

Transforming Organic Citrus Production

Daniel CooperBiologicals, Cover Crops, Organic

Organic citrus growing presents unique hurdles in Florida, Texas and other southern states. Poor soil quality, nutrient deficiencies and a limited range of pest control options plague organic production. But the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences’ (UF/IFAS) Davie Kadyampakeni is poised to transform the future of organic citrus growing. He aims to do that with a …

Final Herbicide Strategy

EPA Releases Final Herbicide Strategy

Daniel CooperPesticides, Regulation, weeds

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on Aug. 20 released its Final Herbicide Strategy to protect more than 900 federally endangered and threatened species from the potential impacts of herbicide. EPA will use the strategy to identify measures to reduce the amount of herbicide exposure to these species when it registers new herbicides and when it reevaluates registered herbicides. For …

SAR

Psyllid Nanopesticide Developed in Brazil

Daniel CooperBrazil, Pesticides, Psyllids

In Brazil, a more effective and sustainable insecticide for HLB-spreading psyllids was developed by Embrapa (Brazilian Agricultural Research Company) in partnership with the Institute of Chemistry of the State University of Campinas (Unicamp). The work resulted in a controlled-release system of the insecticide thiamethoxam molecule. Encapsulation was performed in polymeric nanoparticles, structures more than 80,000 times smaller than the thickness …