postfreeze

Postfreeze Citrus Recovery Strategies

Daniel Cooperfreeze, Tip of the Week

By Muhammad A. Shahid, KeAndre Leaks, Davie Kadyampakeni and Carlos Aucique-Perez Postfreeze citrus tree management requires patience and careful observation rather than immediate intervention. Damage to the vascular system (cambium, xylem and phloem) may take months to fully appear. Trees can initially flush in spring but later decline if internal tissues are too compromised. A reliable assessment of survival should …

black spot

Black Spot Fungus Partially Resistant to Strobilurins

Daniel CooperBrazil, Diseases, Pesticides

For the first time in Brazil, Fundecitrus has identified evidence of partial resistance of the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa, which causes citrus black spot, to fungicides of the strobilurin group. This finding corroborates warnings issued by growers and technicians during the 2024–25 season regarding failures in controlling the disease in areas of the São Paulo Citrus Belt. SAMPLE STUDY A study …

dieback

Dieback a Concern in Citrus Trees Following Freeze

Daniel Cooperfreeze, Georgia

The Georgia citrus industry now has a better grasp on the extent of damage to the state’s crop following the recent freeze events in February and January. Dieback is present in both younger and older trees, says Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist. “For most of the older, established trees that have gotten some …

June

All In For Citrus Podcast, February 2026

Tacy CalliesAll In For Citrus Podcast, freeze

Florida experienced one of the most damaging freezes in more than a decade this winter. The February episode of the All In For Citrus podcast addresses the impacts the freeze had on citrus. Michael Rogers, director of the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Citrus Research and Education Center, notes that it will take some time …

Postfreeze Recovery Recommendations for Citrus Trees

Tacy Calliesfreeze

Florida citrus growers hoping to expedite the recovery process for trees impacted by the late January/early February freeze event should pump the brakes and wait — at least until spring. That advice is from Muhammad Shahid, assistant professor of horticulture at the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS). He shared tree recovery recommendations with growers during …

post-freeze

Postfreeze Citrus Management

Daniel Cooperfreeze

By Muhammad A. Shahid, KeAndre Leaks and Davie M. Kadyampakeni Right after a freeze, you may notice new growth turning black and leaves hardening, yellowing or looking water-soaked. About a week after a severe freeze, leaves may start to curl and turn brown. Leaves and fruits may begin to drop. Do not attempt any recovery treatments immediately after a freeze. …

January

Sneak Peek: January 2026 Citrus Industry

Daniel CooperSneak Peek

The annual Citrus State of the Industry Survey is back, and Part 1 of the results are in. The citrus section of the January issue of Specialty Crop Grower magazine shares what growers have reported on this season’s grove conditions. The report includes information on crop quality, expected yield and oxytetracycline use. Readers can scan the QR code in the …

cold

Preparing Citrus Groves for Cold Fronts

Daniel Cooperfreeze, Tip of the Week

By Muhammad A. Shahid, Shahid Iqbal and Davie Kadyampakeni As temperatures begin to drop across citrus-growing regions, now is the time for growers to prepare their groves for potential freeze events. Citrus trees, especially young plantings, are susceptible to cold temperatures. Damage from a single freeze event can result in canopy dieback, fruit loss and even tree death. Proper planning …

Canopy Management Needed for Cold-Hardy Citrus

Tacy CalliesCold Hardy, Pruning

Pruning may help cold-hardy producers salvage their satsuma crop from one year to the next and not endure extreme alternate bearing cycles. “Pruning in the heavy year may help alleviate that alternate bearing pattern. But we still have to do the research to support that,” said Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist. While pruning …

learning process

Cold-Hardy Citrus Production: A Learning Process

Daniel CooperCold Hardy

Production in the cold-hardy citrus region continues to be a learning process for growers. Producers in North Florida, South Georgia and South Alabama are learning this year the price of alternate bearing for their satsuma mandarin crop. After a heavy crop load last season, production is expected to taper off quite a bit this season across the cold-hardy citrus region. …

freeze

Trees With Fruit Left During Freeze Have Damage

Daniel Cooperfreeze, Georgia, Mandarins

Jake Price, University of Georgia Extension coordinator, recently wrote about cold damage from leaving fruit on trees during a freeze: Last fall, the Owari satsuma trees at J.L. Lomax produced a tremendous amount of soft fruit that became puffy very quickly. Category 2 hurricane Helene may have contributed to the fruit quality being so bad last year. With all the …

brown garden snail

Best Bets for Brown Garden Snail Management

Daniel CooperCalifornia Corner, Pests

Brown garden snails (Cornu aspersum) can reach incredible population densities in California citrus orchards if left unmanaged. More than 1,000 snails per tree have been documented in some cases, according to Mark Hoddle, University of California, Riverside biological control specialist. To help growers deal with this problem, Hoddle recently participated in a Citrus Research Board webinar. He presented information on …

Alternate Bearing

Management Methods for Alternate Bearing

Daniel CooperGeorgia, Production

Practices that might help with alternate bearing were recently addressed in a report by Mary Sutton, University of Georgia (UGA) assistant professor and citrus Extension specialist. Alternate bearing, a common problem in many mandarin varieties, is the tendency of a tree to produce a heavy crop one year followed by a light crop the subsequent year.  A slightly edited version …

alternate bearing

Alternate Bearing of Georgia Satsumas

Daniel CooperGeorgia, Mandarins, Production

Jake Price and Mary Sutton of University of Georgia Extension recently wrote an article about alternate bearing of satsumas in Georgia. Edited excerpts follow. Satsumas tend to alternate bear, which can be a problem in commercial production. The freeze at the end of 2022 contributed to the majority of satsuma trees in Georgia having a light crop in 2023. This …

fruit

Where the Research Fruit Goes

Daniel CooperGeorgia, Research

Those involved with the University of Georgia (UGA) citrus research plot in Valdosta are often asked what they do with the fruit once it is harvested. All of the citrus is donated to various groups, reports the team of Jake Price, Mary Sutton, Doug Collins, Jacob Kalina, Josh Dawson, Holly Anderson, Michasia Dowdy, Sara Curry, Ben Reeves, Tucker Price and …

Sugar Belles

Sugar Belles Show Good Production in Georgia Trial

Daniel CooperGeorgia, Rootstocks, Varieties

University of Georgia (UGA) County Extension Coordinator Jake Price recently provided an update on a row of Sugar Belles planted at a Georgia research plot in 2018. The Sugar Belle planting originally had 20 trees on four different rootstocks. Each rootstock was replicated five times. The rootstocks used were US-852, US-942, US-897 and Rubidoux. “After the December 2022 freeze, the …

Brazilian citrus

Brazil Releases Update to Orange Forecast

Daniel CooperBrazil, Crop Forecast

Fundecitrus and its cooperators released a second update to the 2024–25 orange crop forecast for Brazil’s São Paulo and West-Southwest Minas Gerais Citrus Belt. The Dec. 10 projection is 223.14 million 90-pound boxes. That’s an increase of 3.4% from September’s update but a 4% decrease from the initial May forecast of 232.38 million boxes. The forecast by orange variety, with …

Georgia

CITRUS NURSERY SOURCE: Georgia’s Citrus Team Is Shaping Up Nicely

Daniel CooperCitrus Nursery Source, Georgia

By Peter Chaires Many have been following the development of the Georgia citrus industry with great interest and curiosity. Though satsuma remains the dominant fresh citrus crop, other varieties are in varying stages of trial and adoption. The University of Georgia (UGA) has been supporting citrus growers in this process for more than a decade. Wayne Hanna, though his appointment …

variety

New Orange Variety Introduced in China

Daniel CooperBreeding, International, Varieties

Li Ningxian, a fruit grower in China’s Jiangxi province, discovered in 2004 that some of his Nanfeng oranges matured about six weeks earlier than usual. Although he attempted to propagate these early-maturing branches, the variety proved unstable with sugar content. Ningxian sought help from YI Hualin, a professor at Huazhong Agricultural University College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, who specializes …

pesticides

Pesticides and the Environment

Daniel CooperCEU, Pesticides

By Mongi Zekri Editor’s note: This article grants one continuing education unit (CEU) in the Core category toward the renewal of a Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services restricted-use pesticide license when the accompanying test is submitted and approved. The fate processes for pesticides fall into three major types: adsorption, transfer and degradation. PESTICIDE ADSORPTION The adsorption process binds …